Discovery and History of Ozone

ABOUT OZONE

Discovery and History of Ozone: After ozone was discovered by C. F. Schönbein in 1839, surface ozone measurements began in many places starting in 1860. In 1913, after ultraviolet measurements revealed that the highest concentration of ozone was found in the stratosphere, the first atmospheric ozone observations were made in the 1920s. Beginning in 1934, measurements of the maximum ozone concentration at around 20 km were taken using balloon measurement devices, and by the late 1950s, regular ozone observations were started.

History of Ozone

The benefits of ozone or oxygenated water were first discovered in 1840 by German chemist Christian Fredrick Schönbein in Switzerland, who named it ozone.

In 1856, it was used for disinfection in operating rooms.
In 1860, it was used for water disinfection in Monaco. It was discovered to not only kill bacteria and viruses but also eliminate bad odors and tastes in water, and it was used as a disinfectant in drinking water.
In 1900, Nicola Tesla patented the first ozone generator.
In 1909, it was used as a food preservative for the cold storage of meat.
In 1915, during World War I, Dr. Albert Wolf treated gangrene and wounds with ozone.
In 1926, Dr. Otto Warburg in Berlin reported that cancer results from oxygen deficiency at the cellular level, a discovery that was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1931 and 1944.
In 1939, it was found to prevent the spread of yeast and mold in fruit storage.
In 1957, Dr. J. Hansler patented his own medical ozone generator.
In 1977, Dr. Renate Viebahn technically explained the effects of ozone on the human body.
In 1979, Dr. George Freibott treated the first AIDS patient with ozone.
In 1980, Dr. Horst Kief claimed success in treating AIDS with ozone.
Since 1992, ozone has been used in burn treatments in Russia.
Since 1998, it has been used in Turkey at Kızılay Altıntepe Research Hospital and some private practices.
In 1999, Dave used transmission electron microscopy to study the effects of aqueous ozone on Salmonella enteritidis, finding that it damaged cell membranes.
In the 2000s, ozone found usage in many factories, particularly in water treatment plants.
Since 2005, ozone has been used in everyday life across various fields.
Since 2008, all factories and areas in need of it have used ozone.

History of Ozone’s GRAS Status:

In 1982, the FDA declared that the use of ozone in packaged water was considered GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe).
In 1995, the FDA renewed its GRAS status for ozone’s use in packaged water without any changes.
In 1997, the Industry Expert Panel (IEP) confirmed that ozone met the FDA's requirements for GRAS status.
In 1999, the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) rejected a protocol for the use of ozone in meat due to the FDA’s statement that all uses of ozone other than in water should be regulated by the Food Additive Petition.
In 2000, both the FDA and USDA approved the use of ozone in both water and air.
In 2002, the USDA’s final report included a more detailed discussion on the use of ozone in liquid solutions and gases in food.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has played a leading role in discussions and reports related to the depletion of the ozone layer. To address the need for measures to prevent the destruction of the ozone layer, the first intergovernmental ozone layer assessment report was published in 1975. Since then, the WMO has organized seven major ozone assessment efforts, with the latest being published in 2002. Based on these reports, world nations signed the "Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer" in 1985 and the "Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer" in 1987. These agreements and protocols marked the beginning of global environmental efforts under the United Nations to address global environmental issues.

Ozone Status at the North (Arctic) and South (Antarctic) Poles:

Chronological Use of Ozone:

In 1856, ozone was used for disinfection in operating rooms.
In 1860, it was used for water disinfection in Monaco, eliminating bacteria, viruses, bad tastes, and odors.
In 1900, Nicola Tesla patented the first ozone generator.
In 1909, it was used to preserve meat in cold storage.
In 1915, Dr. Albert Wolf treated gangrene and wounds with ozone during World War I.
In 1926, Dr. Otto Warburg in Berlin discovered that cancer results from oxygen deficiency at the cellular level, a finding that was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1931 and 1944.
In 1939, it was found to prevent the spread of yeast and mold in fruit storage.
In 1957, Dr. J. Hansler patented his own medical ozone generator.
In 1977, Dr. Renate Viebahn explained the technical effects of ozone on the human body.
In 1979, Dr. George Freibott treated the first AIDS patient with ozone.
In 1980, Dr. Horst Kief claimed success in treating AIDS with ozone.
Since 1992, ozone has been used for burn treatments in Russia.
Since 1998, it has been used in Turkey at Kızılay Altıntepe Research Hospital and some private practices.
In 1999, Dave discovered that aqueous ozone damaged cell membranes when used against Salmonella enteritidis.
In the 2000s, ozone found usage in many factories, especially in water treatment plants.
Since 2005, ozone has been used across various industries in daily life.
Since 2008, ozone has been used in all factories and areas where needed.

In 1982, the FDA declared ozone’s use in packaged water as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe).
In 1995, the FDA renewed the GRAS status for ozone’s use in packaged water without any changes.
In 1997, the Industry Expert Panel (IEP) confirmed that ozone met the FDA’s GRAS requirements.
In 1999, the USDA rejected a protocol for using ozone in meat due to FDA regulations on ozone’s use outside of water.
In 2000, the FDA and USDA approved ozone’s use in both water and air.
In 2002, the USDA expanded its final report to include the use of ozone in liquid solutions and gases in food.

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